Gaulish buððutton 'spindle; penis' (updated)

Gaulish buððutton 'spindle; penis'¹ is attested on the spindle whorl Gallo-Latin inscription Moni gnatha gabi buððutton imon 'Come, girl, take my penis'². The word must have designated the instrument itself and then applied to the male organ in a metaphoric way. Basque buztan 'tail; penis' is presumably a Celtic loanword, probably from Gaulish itself.

From this and other Insular Celtic words (Old Irish bot 'penis, tail', Middle Welsh both 'umbo, shield boss'), Matasović reconstructs a Celtic protoform *buzdo- 'tail'³, supposedly derived from IE *gwozdo- (Germanic *kwast(j)ō 'bunch of branches', Albanian gjeth 'leaf, foliage', Slavic *xvost 'tail'⁴), assuming the original meaning was 'to sprout'.

On the other hand, English button is a loanword from Old French boton (modern bouton) 'bud; button; pimple, spot', itself from Late Latin *buttōne-, usualy regarded as a Germanic borrowing, but IMHO actually from Gaulish, which would be also the source of Germanic *buddōn 'bud'.

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¹ X. Delamarre (2008): Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, p. 92-93. 
² W. Meid (1994): Gaulish Inscriptions, translates the Gaulish word as 'kiss', cfr. bussu- 'lip'. 

³ R. Matasović (2009): Etymological dictionary of Proto-Celtic, p. 85-86.
⁴ Conflated by Vassmer to *gvozdis 'nail'.

Gaulish *santikā 'ladle; milking vessel' (updated)

Gascon sanja, sansha, santja, sòntja, shansha, sancha, Aragonese sancha and dialectal Catalan sanxa (Cerdanya) designate a milking vessel carved in wood, often made by hollowing out a tree trunk¹. On the other hand, dialectal Basque xantxa (L, Z), xaiñtxa (Z) designates a milking vessel with a long metal handle (kopetxa), and in the latter also 'ladle' (golhare), a meaning which in my opinion would be the original one².

Although the Gaulish origin of this word seems undeniable, a Celtic etymology is more dubious. For example, Matasović proposes a Celtic femenine *sϕanjā corresponding to the masculine *sϕenjo- > Old Irish sine 'teat'³, in turn derived from IE *spen-, which is phonetically unacceptable, among other things because Celtic *sϕ- gives s- in Goidelic but f- in Britonic and probably also in Gaulish. For the same reason, Hubschmid's protoform *sand-ikā from IE *spn̥dh- 'bucket'⁴ can't be accepted, although Celtic *sϕondā would be the origin of Romansh s(u)onna 'bucket', probably a Lepontic loanword.

Following Coromines⁵, I'd propose a Gaulish protoform *santi-kā as a Baltoid loanword corresponding to Baltic *samti-/semti- > Lithuanian sámtis 'spoon, ladle', sémti 'to pump, to scoop (a liquid)', from an IE root *semH- 'to pump, to scoop (a liquid)' also found in Latin sentīna 'bilge; sewer, drainage' and cognate to Altaic *ʃŏ́mo 'to dive; to summerge; to scoop (a liquid)' (EDAL 2193) > Turkic *tʃo:(m)- 'to diver; to swim; to scoop (a liquid); to immerse, to dip' (Turkish čömče 'spoon'⁶). On the other hand, Etruscan śanti (Tabula Capuana) probably designated some kind of vessel.

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¹ G. Rohlfs (1970): Le Gascon. Etudes de phylologie pyrénéenne, § 59. It's likely the same kind of vessel called kaiku in Basque.

² The oldest European metal ladlers are from the Hallstatt culture of the Early Iron Age.

³ R. Matasović (2009): Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic, p. 333.

⁴ J. Hubschmid (1951): Alpenwörter. Ursprungs und vorromanischen Romanischen, p. 61.

⁵ DECLC, p. 667-668.

⁶ J. Hubschmid (1955): Schläuche und Fasser, p. 107, quotes čamča, čumča with a diminutive suffix -ča.

French bourbe 'sludge' (updated)

French bourbe 'sludge' (collective form bourbier) designates a kind of dark, thick mud deposited by stagnant or waste waters and surely derives from Gaulish *borwā (f.), whose supposed meaning 'hot, boiling spring' accroding to standard dictionaries, which link it to Welsh berwi, Breton bervi 'to boil'^1. 

However, in my opinion this etymology is semantically unsatisfactory, and I'd prefer a substrate loanword from Baltic *purwā > Lithuanian pũrva 'smudge, dregs', Latvian pùrvs, purve 'morass, swamp', a word with parallels in Indo-Aryan: Sanskrit púrīṣa- 'crumbling or loose earth, rubbish; feces, excrement, ordure', Sinhalese puraṇa 'fallow or waste land'. 
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¹ X. Delamarre (2008): Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, pp. 82-83.

Paleo-Balkanic *mendjo- 'foal' (updated)

Albanian mëz, mâz, Romanian mînz (a Dacian substrate loanword) 'foal' derive from a Paleo-Balkanic¹ protoform *mendjo-² related to Gaulish mandu-, borrowed in turn into Latin mannus³. Also related are Basque mando 'mule' (dialectally also 'sterile animal or woman'), presumably a Celtic loanword, as well as dialectal High German (Tirol) Manz, Menz 'sterile cow'⁴ and Italian manzo 'ox'⁵.

Basque idi 'ox' can also be derived from this etymology, assuming the following changes (not necessarily in that order): 1) loss of m-, 2) e > i, 3) nd > d, 4) -o > -i'⁶.

Probably also belong here Sanskrit mandurā 'stable for horses', mandira- 'dwelling, house' and Greek mándra 'pen, stable'. In my opinion, we're dealing with a Wanderwort of ultimate Altaic origin: Tungusic *manda-ksa 'Eurasian elk (Alces alces)', Mongolian *mandʒi 'male elk' and Turkic *buto 'young of camel'  (EDAL 1253). 
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¹ Certainly not IE-native as thought by Mallory-Adams. See J.P. Mallory & D.Q. Adams (2006): The Oxford Introduction to PIE and the PIE World, p. 142.
² T. Gaitzsch (2010): Das Pferd bei den Indogermanen: Sprachliche, kulturelle und archäologische Aspekte, p. 263-264.
³ X. Delamarre (2008): Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, p. 214.
⁴ J. Pokorný (1958): Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, p. 729.

⁵ Possibly a Messapic loanword, cfr. Menzana, a divinity to whom horses were offered.

⁶ In sharp contrast with more recent loanwords, the native core of Basque underwent so many phonetic changes, up to the point of making it hardly recognizable.

Cisalpine Gaulish karnitu 'he built' (updated)

The funerary inscription of Todi (Umbria) is a bilingual Gaulish-Latin which contains two Cisalpine Gaulish texts written in the Etruscan alphabet: Ateknati Trutikni karnitu artuaś Koisis Trutiknos, [At]eknati Truti[k]ni [kar]nitu lokan Ko[i]sis [Tr]utiknos 'Koisis son of Drutos, has built the tomb of Ategnatos son of Drutos'¹.

The verb karnitu is translated in the Latin text as locauit et statuit '(he) placed and erected', whose object lokan /longan/ 'tomb, cinerary urn' (accusative) corresponds to Celtic *longā 'vessel' (see here). Although some specialists have proposed an etymology from Proto-Celtic *karno- 'heap of stones'², I think we're dealing with a quite different word. In fact, karnitu can be readily compared to Lepontic karite '(he) made' in the funerary inscription Pelkui pruiam Teu karite, iśos kalite palam 'Devos made (this) tomb for Belgus, he himself raised the tombstone', where we've got the forms bruia 'tomb'³ and pala 'tombstone'.

These verbs, to which I'd add Etruscan car- 'to build, to make', ceriχu- 'to build', would be cognate to Sanskrit karóti, kr̥ɳóti 'to do, to make' < Proto-IE *kʷer- 'to make'⁴, as loanwords from a satem language with the typical delabialization of *kʷ

Interestingly, in some IE branches,  this verb developed a secondary meaning related to magic: Sanskrit kártra-, kr̥tyá: 'enchantment, charm', kárman- 'sacrifice', Lithuanian kerė́ti, keraĩ 'charms, enchantments', kerų žodžiai 'magical formules', Old Church Slavonic čaro-dĕjĭ 'magician'. In Celtic, we've got Old Irish creth 'poetry' (Ogamic Qritti 'poet's (gen.)') and cruth 'shape, form', Middle Welsh pryd < Celtic *kʷritu-, and Welsh prydydd, Old Cornish pridit 'poet' and the Gaulish personal name Prittius < Celtic *kʷritjo-⁵.

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¹ X. Delamarre (2008): Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise, p. 105-106.

² R. Matasović (2009): Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic, p. 191.

³ Usually linked to Gaulish brīvā 'bridge'.

⁴ Attested in Middle Welsh peri 'to cause, to create, to make'.
⁵ X. Delamarre, op.cit., p. 252.